Nauportus, lat. navis, portus (pristanišče), je bil postaja na tovorni poti Akvileja-Emona, po kateri je potoval jantar. V rimski dobi odsek ceste med Ljubljansko kotlino in Krasom je bil za rimsko državo izrednega pomena. Nauportus se je razvil v pomembno pristanišče in skladišče z vso takrat potrebno infrastrukturo.
There are many explanations of the origin of the name Vrhnika. The town was also known as Nauportus (Latin; 'river port for trading ships') de superiori Lay-baco (italian) and Oberlaibach, Ober(n)laybach, Ober Laibach (german; 'Upper Ljubljana' or 'Upper Ljubljanica').
Discoveries close to Vrhnika include the oldest known cart wheel in the world, Stone Age wooden arrows, remains of pile-dwellings, and a Roman cargo ship from the first century AD. Vrhnika is located on an ancient route that connected the inner parts of the country with the sea.
Na območju Vrhnike, je bil zaporni system Claustra Alpium Iuliarum, ki ga je rimska vojska v drugi polovici 3. stoletja zgradila za varovanje Italije pred sovražnimi vpadi z vzhoda. Ob cestah in na lažje prehodnih predelih, kjer ni bilo mogoče izkoristiti naravnih danosti terena, so utrdili svojo obrambo z gradnjo zidov, stolpov in trdnjav. Poleg nadzora nad cestami, je linija kontrolirala tudi ladijski promet po Ljubljanici, še posebej pa pristanišče na sami Vrhniki (Nauportus).
The region has had an important strategic military position since antiquity. Nauportus was an important military-civil port in late-antiquity defense strategy of the Roman army. In the Vrhnika area was a defensive wall Claustra Alpium Iuliarum (the first line of fortifications), and it protected Italy and the town of Rome from invasion by eastern tribes. The barrier wall at Vrhnika is with its length of almost 10 km the longest in the Claustra Alpium Iuliarum defensive system. This line mainly controlled the Aquileia-Emona arterial road and all natural accesses into the Basin of Logatec (Longaticum) from the southern edge of the Ljubljansko barje (Ljubljana marsh). Structural remains are still well preserved and represent an exceptional example of the cultural heritage on the Vrhnika Commune territory.
Ljubljansko barje / The Ljubljana Marsh
Ljubljansko barje of present day is a precious and unique green space, dominated by the Ljubljanica river. The Ljubljanica is the longest influent stream in the world.
The marsh (Barje in Slovene) is the most distinctive area of the Ljubljana basin. Within the watershed of the Ljubljanica there is a great wealth of natural and cultural heritage and archeological discoveries from the springs of the Ljubljanica, some of which are of global significance.
The brook Zrnica, between Blatna Brezovica and Bevke. Below Bevke, in the Ljubljanica river, was discovered a boundary stone between Aquileia and Emona. The Romans redirected the channel of the Ljubljanica closer to the Podpeč quarry about 2,000 years ago.
V rimskih časih je bilo Ljubljansko barje precej bolj močvirno kot danes. Ljubljanica je bila glavna prometna pot. Po njej so tovorili tudi podpeški kamen, ki so ga uporabljali pri gradnjah v Emoni. Za lažji transport kamna naj bi Rimljani prestavili rečno strugo bližje h kamnolomu. O uporabi plovne poti po Ljubljanici pričajo ostanki dveh velikih rimskih tovornih ladij ter številno čolnarsko orodje in sekire, s katerimi so krčili rastlinje ob bregovih.
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